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Bribery - The Crime of Exchanging Favors
What is bribery? A person's integrity plays a big role
in the issue of bribery. When is it okay to pay a little extra and when
does tipping become a crime? Find out about the fields in which bribery
is used and what are their legal implications.
Bribery
is a white collar crime that involves paying a sum of money or giving
favors or
anything that is of value to a person who holds a position in the
government or
an organization, so as to affect the opinion or decision of that person
in ways
that is not consistent with his/her official duties. The bribe is given
with
the deliberate intent of influencing the actions and decisions of the
receiver.
In
many
jurisdictions, bribery is illegal and is treated as a crime. Generally
however,
bribery is looked down by the society as political corruption and as
unethical
practice.
Bribery
can also take on a more subjective and cultural meaning. Tipping, for
one, is
acceptable in most places but is considered as inappropriate conduct in
many other
cultures.
Bribery
in Different Fields
- Government.
Bribery in government offices can go from low rank to top rank
officials. Bribing foreign official to land the desired business
transactions in other countries is also rampant.
- Law.
Lawyers, jurors, and even witnesses are known to be bribed to tip the
scales of justice to the side of the one offering the favor.
- Politics.
Politicians are known to accept campaign contributions from powerful
corporations who expect the official to launch policies that are
favorable to them once the politician wins the seat.
- Business.
It is common practice for managers and salespeople to send gifts to
prospective clients or purchasing officers in exchange for business.
- Medicine.
It is not uncommon for pharmaceutical companies to provide doctors with
gifts in exchange for heavy prescription of their drugs.
- Music.
Recording companies are known to pay money in the form of
“payola” to radio and TV stations in exchange for
airtime for the record they’re promoting.
Punishing
Bribery
The
penalties
applied to a person accused of bribery and the person accepting the
bribe vary
according to the type and rank of the bribed official and the amount of
bribe
involved.
- Public
and Foreign Official – includes anyone acting in behalf of
the United States. The official who accepted the bribe shall be charged
a fine not more than 3 times the amount of illegal bribe in question
and/or a maximum of 15 years in prison. He/She can also be banned from
holding any political or governmental office. The person who offered
the bribe will be fined and/or get a maximum of 2 years imprisonment.
- Bank
Officer or Employee – bribery includes the acceptance of
meals, entertainment, and travel accommodations. The bank officer or
employee who accepts the bribe shall be fined 3 times the amount or
value of the bribe or shall be sentenced to a maximum of 30 years in
prison. In case the bribe is less than $1,000 in value, he/she shall be
fined and sentenced to not more than 1 year in prison.
- Sporting
Official – any official of sports event who accepts a bribe
to “fix” the outcome of the game shall be fined
and/or sentenced to not more than 5 years in prison.
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